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Desire and pleasure areas of the brain are activated by food, drugs, sex, and other pleasurable stimuli, as well as by cues linked to these stimuli. An important scientific discovery is that wanting (desire) and liking (pleasure) appear to be distinct experiences with different neural pathways. Wanting is the motivation to seek out and consume, and liking is the warm and fuzzy feeling of satisfaction. The urgent, intense, cravings of extreme wanting characteristic of addictive and compulsive behaviors may hold no pleasure whatsoever, and may even be distressing. Anderson, R.I., Bush, P.C., and Spear, L.P. (2013) Environmental manipulations alter age differences in attribution of incentive salience to reward-paired cues. Behavioural Brain Research 257, 83-89 The emergence of ST response is high if the reward follows the cue only some of the time, but only when training begins with partial reinforcement. When training begins with continuous reinforcement and then later adjusts to a partial reinforcement schedule, the incidence ST is low and does not increase.

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